He aha ka lole maikaʻi loa no kahi kānana lepo?

I ka ʻimi ʻana i nā lole maikaʻi loa no nā kānana lepo, ua loaʻa i ʻelua mau mea ka nānā nui ʻia no kā lākou hana kūikawā: PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) a me kona ʻano i hoʻonui ʻia, ʻo ePTFE (Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene). ʻO kēia mau mea synthetic, i ʻike ʻia no kā lākou mau waiwai kemika a me ke kino kū hoʻokahi, ua wehewehe hou i ka kānana lepo i nā wahi koi, e hāʻawi ana i nā pono e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai nā lole kuʻuna e like me ka pulupulu, polyester, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea HEPA maʻamau.

ʻO PTFE, i kapa pinepine ʻia e kona inoa inoa ʻo Teflon, he fluoropolymer i kaulana no kona mau waiwai non-stick, ke kūpaʻa kemika, a me ke ahonui i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe. Ma kona ʻano maka, he mea paʻa a paʻa ka PTFE, akā i ka wā e hana ʻia ai i loko o nā lole kānana, hana ia i kahi ʻili laumania, haʻahaʻa-friction e pale aku i ka lepo, nā wai, a me nā mea haumia. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia ʻano non-adhesive no ka kānana lepo: ʻaʻole like me nā lole porous e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā ʻāpana i loko o ko lākou mau fibers (e alakaʻi ana i ka clogging),Nā kānana PTFEe ʻae i ka lepo e hōʻiliʻili ma luna o ka ʻili, e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a lulu paha. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona "hoʻouka ʻili" e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ke kahe mau ʻana o ka ea i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, kahi pono nui i nā wahi lepo kiʻekiʻe e like me nā kahua kūkulu a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​hale hana.

ʻO ka ePTFE, i hana ʻia ma ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ka PTFE e hana i kahi ʻano porous, e lawe i ka hana kānana i ka pae aʻe. Hoʻopuka ke kaʻina hana hoʻonui i kahi pūnaewele o nā pores liʻiliʻi microscopically (ma waena o 0.1 a me 10 microns) me ka mālama ʻana i nā waiwai kūlohelohe o ka PTFE. Hana kēia mau pores e like me kahi kānana pololei: pale lākou i nā ʻāpana lepo—me nā mea particulate maikaʻi (PM2.5) a me nā ʻāpana sub-micron—ʻoiai e ʻae ana i ka ea e hele ma waena me ke keakea ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia ka porosity o ka ePTFE, e kūpono ai no nā noi mai nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea noho (kānana ʻana i ka dander holoholona a me ka pollen) a hiki i nā lumi maʻemaʻe ʻoihana (hopu ʻana i nā huahana hana ultrafine).

ʻO kekahi o nā pono koʻikoʻi o ka PTFE a me ka ePTFE ʻo ia ko lākou kūpaʻa a me ke kūʻē ʻana i nā kūlana ʻino. ʻAʻole e like me ka pulupulu a i ʻole ka polyester, hiki ke palaho i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia ai i nā kemika, ka makū, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mahana kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole inert ka PTFE a me ka ePTFE i ka hapa nui o nā mea, me nā waikawa a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe. Hiki iā lākou ke kū i nā mahana mai -200°C a i 260°C (-328°F a i 500°F), e kūpono ai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā umu, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopau, a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi waho kahi i hōʻike ʻia ai nā kānana i ka wā koʻikoʻi. Hoʻololi kēia kūpaʻa i kahi ola lōʻihi—hiki i nā kānana PTFE a me ePTFE ke mau i nā mahina a i ʻole nā ​​​​makahiki me ka mālama pono ʻana, e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā koho hoʻolei e like me ka pepa a i ʻole nā ​​​​kānana synthetic maʻamau.

ʻO kekahi pono ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ko lākou mau koi mālama haʻahaʻa. Mahalo i ka ʻili ʻaʻole e pipili o ka PTFE, ʻaʻole pili pono nā ʻāpana lepo i ka mea kānana. I nā manawa he nui, ʻo ka lulu wale ʻana i ke kānana a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ua lawa ia e hoʻokuke aku i ka lepo i hōʻiliʻili ʻia, e hoʻihoʻi ana i kona pono. ʻAʻole wale kēia hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia e hōʻemi i ka ʻōpala akā hoʻohaʻahaʻa pū i nā kumukūʻai lōʻihi e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kānana hoʻohana hoʻokahi. No ka laʻana, i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe vacuum ʻoihana, hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā kānana ePTFE i nā manawa he nui ma mua o ka pono e hoʻololi ʻia, e hōʻemi nui ana i nā lilo hana.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kānana HEPA—i manaʻo ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻo ia ke kūlana gula no ka kānana ʻana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi—ua paʻa ka ePTFE i kāna iho. ʻOiai ʻo nā kānana HEPA e hopu i ka 99.97% o nā ʻāpana 0.3-micron, hiki i nā kānana ePTFE kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻokō i nā pae hana like a ʻoi aku paha. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kahe ʻana o ka ea o ka ePTFE (ma muli o kona ʻano pore i hoʻonui ʻia) e hōʻemi ana i ke kaumaha ma nā ʻōnaehana peʻahi, e ʻoi aku ka mālama pono o ka ikehu ma mua o HEPA ma nā noi he nui.

I ka hopena, kū ka PTFE a me ka ePTFE ma ke ʻano he mau lole kūikawā no nā kānana lepo. ʻO kā lākou hui kūikawā o ke kūpaʻa kemika, ka hoʻomanawanui i ka mahana, ka porosity hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia, a me ka hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea maʻalahi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā a me ka ʻoihana. Inā paha ma ke ʻano o kahi ʻili PTFE non-stick no ka hōʻiliʻili lepo kaumaha a i ʻole kahi membrane ePTFE i hoʻonui ʻia no ka kānana ʻāpana ultra-fine, hāʻawi kēia mau mea i kahi hopena hilinaʻi a lōʻihi hoʻi e mālama i ka ea mai ka lepo a me nā mea haumia. No ka poʻe e ʻimi nei i kahi kānana e kaulike ana i ka pono, ka lōʻihi, a me ke kumukūʻai kūpono, ʻo PTFE a me ePTFE kekahi o nā koho maikaʻi loa i loaʻa.